Mobile clouds have been implemented using APIs provided by distributed computing frameworks such as Hadoop [14] and Ibis [77]. Futhermore, there are cloud APIs catering to mobile devices as well. For example, the Funambol Cloud API13 provides server and client side SDKs to develop mobile cloud applications and services that make use of images, calendar, contacts etc. stored in a Funambol server. Other open source APIs include Eucalyptus,14 Nimbus,15 and OpenNebula.16 Commercial cloud APIs include frameworks such as Dropbox,17 Azure,18 Amazon and Google Apps.
